Tired cute purebred dog resting on comfortable sofa

What Causes Fits in Dogs? Fits, or seizures, in dogs are often caused by factors like genetic predisposition, neurological disorders, and exposure to toxins.

Understanding the triggers of seizures can help pet owners take the right preventive measures, aiding in their dog’s overall well-being.

Understanding Seizures (Fits) in Dogs

Fits, commonly called seizures, result from abnormal brain activity that disrupts a dog’s normal functioning.

This can cause various symptoms like muscle spasms, drooling, and even unconsciousness.

Seizures can be both startling and distressing, but understanding potential causes can empower pet owners to manage and prevent them.

Read more in our complete guide to canine seizures for a broader medical term and meaning.

Common Causes of Fits in Dogs

Understanding the possible causes of seizures can help owners reduce episodes and protect their dog’s health.

Genetic and Breed-Related Factors

Certain dog breeds have a genetic predisposition to epilepsy and seizures, including Beagles, Labrador Retrievers, and German Shepherds.

According to Dr. Rebecca Greenstein, a veterinary expert, “Many breeds have genetic markers that increase their susceptibility to epilepsy, but early testing and monitoring can make managing the condition easier.” By identifying breeds prone to fits, owners can work with veterinarians to create a care plan to manage symptoms.

Neurological Disorders

Neurological disorders can disrupt normal brain function, leading to fits. Examples include brain tumors, head trauma, and degenerative conditions in the brain.

  • Brain Tumors: Tumors put pressure on a dog’s brain, potentially causing seizures, especially in older dogs.
  • Canine Cognitive Dysfunction: Similar to Alzheimer’s in humans, this degenerative brain disease can trigger seizures, disorientation, and behavioral changes in senior dogs.

Learn more about neurology on Wikipedia.

Toxins and Poisons

Ingesting toxic substances is one of the primary environmental triggers of seizures. Chocolate, medications, pesticides, and household plants can all be toxic to dogs.

Dr. Sarah Dougherty from Pet Poison Helpline explains, “Many common household items and foods are toxic to dogs. A small amount of chocolate or a single grape can result in severe symptoms, including seizures.” Dr. Dougherty recommends keeping all human foods, medications, and cleaning agents away from pets.

Underlying Health Conditions

Many health issues, such as liver disease and hypoglycemia, can lead to seizures by disrupting a dog’s metabolism.

  • Liver Disease: An essential organ, the liver removes toxins from the body. When impaired, these toxins build up, affecting brain function and potentially causing seizures.
  • Hypoglycemia: Low blood sugar, especially in small breeds and puppies, can trigger fits. Symptoms include shakiness, lethargy, and sometimes seizures.

Learn about managing chronic conditions in our health care guide for dogs.

Infections

Diseases such as canine distemper and encephalitis can infect and inflame the brain, causing seizures.

According to the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA), “Preventative care, like regular vaccinations, is crucial in reducing seizure risk from infections.” Vaccinating your dog against diseases like canine distemper can significantly lower the likelihood of seizures due to infections.

Learn more about distemper on Wikipedia.

Types of Seizures in Dogs

Knowing the type of seizure can help tailor an appropriate treatment and care plan.

  • Generalized (Grand Mal) Seizures: This is the most common seizure type in dogs and involves convulsions, loss of consciousness, and muscle rigidity.
  • Partial Seizures: These seizures affect only part of the brain, causing symptoms like twitching or abnormal movement in one area, such as a limb or facial muscles.
  • Cluster Seizures: Cluster seizures involve multiple seizures in a short timeframe, typically 24 hours, which requires immediate veterinary attention.
  • Status Epilepticus: A severe, life-threatening seizure that lasts over five minutes or involves multiple seizures without recovery in between, requiring emergency intervention.

Treatment and Management of Seizures in Dogs

Though cherry eye is typically genetic, certain measures can help minimize the risk of complications and support your dog’s eye health.

Scheduling regular veterinary exams is key, especially for breeds with a higher likelihood of developing this condition, as early detection can simplify treatment and reduce the risk of more serious issues.

Along with regular checkups, keeping your dog’s environment as free from irritants as possible—such as dust, pollen, and smoke—can protect their eyes from unnecessary irritation.

Cleaning around the eyes regularly to remove dirt or debris further helps to keep their eye area healthy and reduce potential discomfort.

For additional tips, explore our complete guide to dog diet and health.

First Aid for Dogs During a Seizure

Calm purebred dog lying on armchair

If your dog has a seizure, follow these steps to keep them safe. First avoid touching them to prevent accidental bites, and clear the area of any objects they could accidentally hurt themselves on.

Note the duration of the seizure, as this information can help your veterinarian assess its severity.

After the seizure ends, provide a quiet, comfortable space for your dog to rest, as they may feel confused or fatigued.

If the seizure persists beyond five minutes, seek emergency veterinary assistance right away.

Prevention of Seizures in Dogs

Although not all seizures in dogs are preventable, certain measures can help reduce their frequency and severity.

Regular veterinary check-ups can identify health issues early before they contribute to seizure activity.

Keeping vaccinations current protects against diseases like distemper, which can trigger seizures.

It’s also important to pet-proof your home by keeping harmful foods, medications, and cleaning products out of reach to prevent toxin-induced seizures.

Additionally, a balanced diet and consistent exercise routine support neurological health, which may further reduce seizure risks.

Learn more about vaccinations on Wikipedia.

Research published in the Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine reveals that prompt diagnosis, medications, and lifestyle management significantly improve outcomes for dogs with seizure disorders.

According to Dr. Amanda Mahoney, “A proactive approach combining regular medical care, monitoring, and an optimized lifestyle makes a considerable difference in a dog’s quality of life.”

For more expert tips, see PetMD’s article on understanding seizures in dogs.

Conclusion

Understanding what causes fits in dogs allows pet owners to recognize and manage seizures effectively.

From genetic predispositions to environmental factors, having a solid grasp on these triggers helps ensure your dog’s health and well-being.

Regular vet checkups, a stable home environment, and preventive care are key in supporting dogs with seizure conditions and maintaining a good quality of life.

FAQs

1. What should I do if my dog has a seizure for the first time?

Stay calm, clear the area around your dog, and time the seizure. Contact your veterinarian afterward for guidance on potential causes and next steps.

2. How long do seizures last in dogs?

Most seizures last between 30 seconds and two minutes. Seek emergency care if it goes beyond five minutes.

3. Can seizures be prevented in dogs?

While some seizures are unpreventable, reducing exposure to toxins and maintaining regular vet visits can reduce the likelihood and severity.

4. What are common signs that a seizure is about to happen?

Pre-seizure symptoms include restlessness, whining, or staring. Some dogs may also appear disoriented.

5. Is it safe to give my dog human medications for seizures?

No, never give your dog human medications for seizures without veterinary approval, as they may be toxic or ineffective for dogs.